Biotechnology is a high-tech field, based on the science of life, combined with processes and technical equipment, to create technologies that use the activities of microorganisms, and plant and animal cells to produce high quality products on an industrial scale, serving socio-economic development and environmental protection.

Currently, the province's agricultural production has achieved high and stable productivity, forming linkage chains, yet product quality still remains limited. The abuse of chemical pesticides, antibiotics, and growth stimulants in crop cultivation and livestock breeding leads to large chemical residues in agricultural products. Rudimentary processing technology also leads to low product quality and great losses, significantly affecting the competitiveness of products in both domestic and foreign markets. Biotechnology application is considered an important and key tool to promote safe agricultural development. Through science and technology projects, the province is focusing on a number of biotechnology research tasks, contributing to the development of safe and effective agricultural production, as well as the conservation and development of precious and rare genetic resources.

The Moc Chau area for the research, application and transfer of scientific and technological advances in agriculture and forestry under the Department of Science and Technology is a typical unit engaging in scientific research and bio-technology application in production. To date, it has planted many new varieties with high productivity and quality on a trial basis, such as Phalaenopsis orchids, seedless grapes, hybrid yellow melons, bell peppers, shiitake mushrooms, and lisianthus flowers; and researched biological products in pest control for plants, providing safe products for the market; and cooperated in propagating “Lan kim tuyen” (scientifically known as Anoectochilus setaceus Blume) by the tissue culture method.

In addition to introducing new varieties and increasing productivity in cultivation, biotechnology is widely applied in grafting techniques and off-season production. The province has put into production a set of varieties with different growing times, extended harvest time, and improved productivity and quality, including four sugarcane varieties, 19 corn varieties, five rice varieties, two tea varieties, one coffee variety, and 20 fruit tree varieties. It has grafted and improved over 13,000 hectares of fruit trees, mainly late ripening and regional longans; GL4, GL6 and Thai mangoes; Booth 7 avocado; Cao Phong and Vinh oranges; MC1 and Thai persimmons; and French and American peaches.

In aquaculture, the application of biotechnology in cage fish farming on hydroelectric reservoirs is widely carried out. Some units and businesses in the province have successfully produced fish larvae by the hand-stripping method, egg incubation using a jar system, the outcrossing method, and using chemicals to create high-quality, single-sex breeds. In the livestock sector, biotechnology is applied in embryo transfer for purebred dairy cows in Moc Chau, and artificial insemination of cows using high-quality Brahman cattle semen. Biogas technology or biological products are used to treat livestock waste to minimise environmental pollution. Additionally, active probiotics are used in household-scale feed fermenting and processing.

With its many benefits, biotechnology is increasingly being applied in agricultural production, regarded as a breakthrough solution for the comprehensive, green, and sustainable development of agriculture.